Answer:
d. alveolar ventilation rate
Explanation:
Alveolar Ventilation rate (AVR) refers to the rate of airflow that reaches the alveoli which is available for gas exchange with the blood in a given unit of time. AVR is generally calculated as the amount in millimeters of air expired that equilibrates (i.e., exchanges) with alveolar gas per min unit (ml/min). AVR is affected by breathing frequency, tidal volume ( i.e., the normal amount of air between inhalation and exhalation), and the amount of dead space in the lungs.
